Abstract
Objective: The present study evaluates the antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activity of leaf and bark extracts of Phyllanthus indofischeri with methanol and water as solvents. In addition to this, the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content was determined.Methods: The total phenolic and total flavonoid content of the extracts was determined by folin ciocaletus reagent method and aluminium chloride colorimetric method respectively. The antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activity were measured by various assays, including α, α-diphenyl-ẞ-dipicryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, total antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybdate method and porcine pancreatic α-amylase inhibitory assay. The IC50 values were calculated and compared with standards such as gallic acid, ascorbic acid and α-acarbose.Results: The results illustrated that all the extracts of Phyllanthus indofischeri exhibit significant antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activity. Among the extracts, methanolic leaf extract showed high levels of activity followed by bark water extract.Conclusion: Phyllanthus indofischeri extracts had shown antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activity. On the basis of these results, Phyllanthus indofischeri can be used as a natural antioxidant and hypoglycemic agent against various disorders related to oxidative stress; and the isolation of bioactive compounds was warranted.
Highlights
Oxidative stress explains the relation between the free radicals and diseases [1]
The total phenolic content was ranged from 53.6 mg to 86.2 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight of the extract
Leaf extracts exhibit more total phenolic and total flavonoid content than the bark due to the fact that leaf which is the primary site of secondary metabolism possess more polyphenolic content than the bark. These results suggest that the antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activity of Phyllanthus indofischeri may be due to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds
Summary
Oxidative stress explains the relation between the free radicals and diseases [1]. The major free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) have a dual effect on the metabolism. An imbalance of these radical species results in the damage of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and cell structures [2]. The mechanism of diabetes is related to the oxidative stress and inflammation [5,6,7,8]. Antioxidants are one among the various defense mechanisms against oxidative stress [9]. There is an increasing demand for natural antioxidants that are safe, without any negative effects and those of plant origin such as polyphenolic compounds [10]. The assessment of their medicinal properties remains an interesting and useful task to find new sources of natural antioxidants and nutraceuticals
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