Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the anticancer and antioxidant activity of medicinal plant Clidemia hirta extracted in different solvents.Methods: Crude extracts were prepared from the leaves of Clidemia hirta using ethanol, petroleum ether and chloroform solvents. Anticancer activities and antioxidant properties were assayed using standard yellow dye 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay respectively.Results: We found that the ethanol extract had higher inhibition activities against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cancer cell line, 50% DLA cell line inhibition at 68µg/ml, while 50% inhibition by petroleum ether and chloroform extracts were at 160µg/ml and 172µg/ml, respectively. The antioxidant activity requires5µg/ml of ethanol extract to trap 50% of DPPH (IC50), whereas the positive control ascorbic acid trapped 50% of DPPH (IC50) at 3.5µg/ml.Conclusion: The prepared leaf extracts with different solvents of Clidemia hirta showed the antiproliferative and antioxidant activity in dose-dependent manner. Further works is required to identify the biologically active chemical constituents, responsible for cancer cell growth inhibition from this plant.
Highlights
Plants products are being used for the treatment of various diseases almost from the human race began
The percentage of cell viability and cytotoxic activity of leaf extracts of Clidemia hirta against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cancer cell line was clearly evaluated with MTT assay and microscopic images
The cells were treated with varying concentrations of different leaf extracts of Clidemia hirta from 20μg/ml to 200μg/ml. the ethanol extract reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, as compared to the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treated cells
Summary
Plants products are being used for the treatment of various diseases almost from the human race began. There is a considerable scientific discovery for the invention of anticancer agents from natural products [2]. Several drugs currently used in chemotherapy were isolated from plant species or derived from a natural prototype. They include the Vinca alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine [8], isolated from Catharanthus roseus, etoposide and teniposide, the semisynthetic derivatives of epipodophyllotoxin, isolated from species of the genus Podophyllum [9,10], the naturally derived taxanes isolated from species of the genus Taxus, the semisynthetic derivatives of camptothecin, irinotecan and topotecan, isolated from Camptotheca acuminata, and several others [11,12,13]
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