Abstract
Traffic junctions and congestions are the hotspots of suspended particulate matter. Survey is conducted on the street people those are directly exposed to particulate matter. This study has put more focus on the respiratory disorders caused due to particulate matter. Comprehensive study is conducted on the traffic congestions and traffic personnel. Evaluation of particulate matter (PM2.5) with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less is done during the peak hours. A weekly measurement of PM2.5 was averaged at the most congested junctions of Mumbai. Time based study is undertaken to correlate the impact of PM2.5 and effect of chronic and acute symptoms among traffic personnel’s. These effects were monitored through spirometric analysis on exposed and unexposed groups. Further the impacts were categorised into acute and chronic impacts. CALINE 3 is used to predict concentration of pollutants near traffic junctions where vehicles have to wait on queue in idling condition for signals. The traffic personnel’s were diagnosed for occupational health effects which comprises of respiratory related diseases. These prospective data supports the development of asthma and respiratory disorders irrespective of the other risks.
Highlights
Traffic junctions are provided on roads and at intersections for smooth movement of traffic and to avoid traffic congestions
Between 1976 and 1991 vehicle registration of two wheelers, scooter and cars in Maharashtra Metropolitan Region (MMR) increased by factor of 3.25, while truck and bus registration increased by 2.22 times, private vehicle registration increase by 3.45 times mainly as a result of increase in scooter and motor cycle ownership
The results of the analysis show that controlling air pollution sources in Shanghai will induce significant health benefits
Summary
Traffic junctions are provided on roads and at intersections for smooth movement of traffic and to avoid traffic congestions. Traffic signals are provided at the junctions with time duration of 55 sec to 2 min where the vehicles remain in idling condition. This idling time increases air pollution levels which cause acute and chronic impact on the exposed people in the vicinity of the traffic junctions.
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