Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is considered ideal for brain monitoring during preterm infancy because it is non-invasive and provides a continuous measure of tissue oxygen saturation (StO2). Hyperspectral NIRS (HS NIRS) is an inexpensive, quantitative modality that can measure tissue optical properties and oxygen saturation (StO2) by differential spectroscopy. In this study, experiments were conducted using newborn piglets to measure StO2 across a range of oxygenation levels from hyperoxia to hypoxia by HS and time-resolved (TR) NIRS for validation. A strong correlation between StO2 measurements from the two techniques was observed (R2 = 0.98, average slope of 1.02 ± 0.28); however, the HS-NIRS estimates were significantly higher than the corresponding TR-NIRS values. These regression results indicate that HS NIRS could become a clinically feasible method for monitoring StO2 in preterm infants.
Highlights
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is becoming recognized as a cost-effective, non-invasive monitor of cerebral hemodynamics, for neonates because of their relatively thin skull and scalp [1]
This study evaluated the ability of a HS-NIRS technique based on derivative spectroscopy to measure StO2
Acquiring spectral measurements instead of attenuation data at a few discrete wavelengths provides a means of quantifying the main tissue chromophores by modelling the effects of both light absorption and scatter
Summary
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is becoming recognized as a cost-effective, non-invasive monitor of cerebral hemodynamics, for neonates because of their relatively thin skull and scalp [1]. The majority of commercially available NIRS systems monitor tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) by measuring light absorption at a few discrete wavelengths [2]. The differential path-length factor (DPF) can be estimated by combining second derivative spectroscopy with the modified Beer-Lambert law [3], and used to determine the concentration of deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) in the neonatal brain [4]. Knowing DPF provides a means of measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) using indocyanine green (ICG) as an intravascular contrast agent [5]. Measurements of CBF and Hb concentration can be combined to estimate the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) [6] [7]. HS NIRS provides the most robust approach for monitoring changes in cytochrome-c-oxidase (CCO) [8,9]
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