Evaluation of hepatic and renal functional changes in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Abstract

Background: In this era of laparoscopic surgery, with the use of carbon dioxide insufflation in creating pneumoperitoneum for ease of trocar insertion and visualization of anatomy, it comes certain systemic changes in the patient due to the compression effect of the gas as well as resorption of it through peritoneum. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess baseline standards of hepatic and renal functional status in pre-operative patients in comparison with post-operative patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Materials and Methods: Cases were chosen among the persons who presented with chronic calculus cholecystitis to the surgical out-patient department of Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata. Pre-operative liver function tests (LFT) and renal function tests (RFT) values were recorded. Again, LFT and RFT values were evaluated on post-operative day 1 (POD1) and POD12. Results: Serum conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin, aspartate amino transaminase, alanine amino transaminase, urea, estimated glomerular filtration rate values increases immediate postoperatively on POD1 but returns to normal pre-operative levels on POD 12. Serum alkaline phosphatase, albumin, and creatinine values decrease on POD1 and return to normal pre-operative values in POD 12. Conclusion: Hepatic and renal function changes in the immediate post-operative period of 24 h following LC. This change is transient and returns to normal levels within POD 12.