Evaluation of Hemodynamic Response between Laryngeal Mask Airway and Endotracheal Tube Extubation with General Anaesthesia

Abstract

Introduction: Airway management is an essential, but challenging skill in the field of anaesthesiology. Since many years, endotracheal tube has been in vogue for surgeries involving general anaesthesia. However, endotracheal extubation causes serious hemodynamic changes, which could result in several cardiovascular complications. Among several advanced techniques, Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) is a less invasive procedure, with similar therapeutic outcomes. This study was carried out to compare the hemodynamic responses between LMA and endotracheal tube extubation.Methodology: This study was done as a single blind randomized controlled trial among 60 normotensive individuals who underwent elective surgeries under general anaesthesia, with 30 participants in each group. Values of heart rate and blood pressure were recorded, while rate pressure product was calculated. The hemodynamic parameters were recorded at baseline, pre-extubation 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 min after extubation/removal. Independent samples t test was carried out to check for statistical significance at 95% level.Results: The mean age of the participants in LMA group was 39.3 ± 8 years while that of endotracheal tube group was 40.1 ± 9.4 years. There was a steady increase in the hemodynamic responses with both the groups. Overall the mean increase in the values of heart rate, blood pressure and rate pressure product were lower for the LMA group compared to the endotracheal tube group beginning from one min (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study elucidates the advantages of LMA over endotracheal tube extubation, in terms of minimizing the cardiovascular complications among normotensive individuals.