Abstract
Background: Global warming impacts a number of agricultural workers and their health. Chronic kidney disease with non-common cause has been a concern among agricultural workers. Heat exposure and dehydration seem to reduce kidney function. Sea salt workers are expose to outdoor direct sunlight without any shade and high intense workload. This primary objective of the present study was to investigate whether heat exposure predicts dehydration and kidney function. Methods: The study randomly selected 48 sea salt workers aged between 18-60 during the beginning of harvest season. Sea salt workers who had medical record of hypertension, diabetes and kidney disease were excluded. The wet bulb globe temperature meter (WBGT) model 3M quest temp 32oC was used to determining the heat index during working hour. Workload were recorded individually while they were working. Skin temperature was assessed by using forehead infrared thermometer. Working information was determined by validated questionnaires. Blood and urine were collected immediately after work for renal biomarker and hydration status.Results: The sample contained 58.3% males and 41.7% females with average age of 46.73 years old. The mean heat index was 29.83oC in sea salt farms. The maximum working hours was 10 hours xxx. Water intake was on average 1.51L and 31.3% reported taking energy drinks. Mean of urine osmolarity were 795.15 mOsm/kg. Mean of estimated glomerular filtration rate were 87.52 mL/min/1.73 m2. The finding showed the relationship of urine osmolarity with eGFR (r=0.298, p=0.04) and WBGT with eGFR (r=-0.307, p=0.034). The factors that significantly predicted the outcome eGFR were age (β=-0.267, p=0.047), working hour (β=-0.432, p=0.032), WBGT (β=-0.652, p=0.001), and urine osmolarity (β=0.317, p=0.021).Conclusion: The result showed the relationships of urine osmolarity and WBGT with estimated glomerular filtration rate. Longtime working in sea salt farm with heat exposure may affect to hydration status and may lead to kidney health.
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