Abstract
Environmental professionals and medical practitioners have made significant contributions using statistical methods to model medical data and associated air and water pollution parameters in order to determine the cause–effect relationship between air/water-borne diseases and air/water pollution parameters. Several data-intensive studies have been carried out that primarily centered on exposure to exhaust pollution and epidemiological studies associated with various respiratory diseases. This chapter explains this causal relationship with the help of two case studies that reveal a strong correlation between polluted water and water-borne diseases (WBDs) as well as polluted air and air-borne diseases (ABDs). The perceptions of experienced medical practitioners are modelled in arriving at their collective degree of belief for all possible combinations of ABDs/WBDs, by the application of evidence theory and fuzzy relational calculus without the need of having a sizeable parametric data collected over several years. The objective of this chapter is, therefore, to critically evaluate the vast armamentarium available on these facets of air and water pollution studies.
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