Evaluation of growth performance, serum biochemistry and haematological parameters on broiler birds fed with raw and processed samples of Entada scandens, Canavalia gladiata and Canavalia ensiformis seed meal as an alternative protein source

Abstract

The experiment was carried out to investigate the inclusion of underutilised legumes, Entada scandens, Canavalia gladiata and Canavalia ensiformis, seed meal in soybean-based diet in broilers. The utilisation of these wild legumes is limited by the presence of antinutrient compounds. Processing methods like soaking followed by autoclaving in sodium bicarbonate solution in E. scandens and C. gladiata and soaking followed by autoclaving in ash solution in C. ensiformis were adopted. The proximate composition of raw and processed samples of E. scandens, C. gladiata and C. ensiformis were determined. The protein content was enhanced in processed sample of E. scandens (46%) and C. ensiformis (16%). This processing method had reduced the maximum number of antinutrients such as tannins (10-100%), trypsin inhibitor activity (99%), chymotrypsin inhibitor activity (72-100%), canavanine (60-62%), amylase inhibitor activity (73-100%), saponins (78-92%), phytic acid (19-40%) and lectins. Hence, the raw samples at 15% and processed samples at 15 and 30% were replaced with soybean protein in commercial broiler diet respectively. Birds fed with 30% processed samples of E. scandens, C. gladiata and C. ensiformis showed significantly similar results of growth performance, carcass characteristics, organ weight, haematological parameters and serum biochemical parameters (cholesterol, protein, bilirubin, albumin, globulin and liver and kidney function parameters) without any adverse effects after 42days of supplementation. The proper utilisation of these underutilised legumes may act as an alternative protein ingredient in poultry diets.