Evaluation of growth and production of wheat lines (Triticum aestivum L.) adaptive to lowland

Abstract

Wheat is the world’s main food commodity originating from temperate (subtropical) regions. In Indonesia, wheat imports have been increased very high every year. To increase the use of local wheat consumption, especially low gluten needs to be developed. So far, wheat development in Indonesia has been carried out at plateaus> 1000 masl. Development at this height is experiencing competition with horticultural commodities with higher economic value and limited land. The development of wheat in Indonesia in the future is directed at medium - low altitude. This study aims to determine the wheat strain crossbreed of Magic Population adaptive lowland and high production. The study was conducted at the Green House of the Indonesia Cereal Research Institute, Lau Subdistrict, Alleopolea Village, Maros Regency with an average temperature of 25oC in the morning and 32oC in the afternoon. The study took place from October 2017 to February 2018. The study used a Randomized Block Design with 10 lines of Magic Population crosses including MPF 124, MPF 159, MPF 192, MPF 169, MPF 137, MPF 195, MPF 119, MPF 145, MPF 156 and MPF 231 as well as four comparators, namely two national superior varieties (Selayar and Dewata) and two introduction lines (Oasis and HP. 1744) so that there are 14 lines. Each group was repeated 3 times. The results showed that the wheat strains of Magic Population that were adaptive to lowland land with high productivity were MPF 192 (1.80 ton ha−1), MPF 169 (1.66 tons ha−1), MPF 195 (1.54 tons ha−1), MPF 137 (1.44 tons ha−1), MPF 124 (1.42 tons ha−1) and MPF 159 (1.34 tons ha−1). Besides, the result showed that the number of productive tiller, the number of main panicle seeds, and numbers of tiller spike seed could be used as the selection character under lowland.