Abstract
The gender Pleurotus is also known as oyster mushroom, shimeji or hiratake. Aiming to select the best substrates to cultivate two species of Pleurotus, this work measured vigor, mycelium growth (cm.day-1), fresh mass (g), productivity (%) and biological efficiency (%) of P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03) and P. ostreatoroseus (POR01/06) cultivated in the following substrates: sugarcane bagasse, elephant grass, waste of castor oil plant and pasteurized rice straw. Fungal cultures were recovered in culture medium CDA. For the evaluation of mycelium growth, moist substrates were put into a closed assay tube with sterilized aluminum paper. Then, they were inoculated in 10 mm culture dishes and taken to the incubator at 26 ± 2°C. Mycelium vigor was measured with grades from 1 to 3 according to density. For axenic cultivation, substrates were placed into 250 g flasks of substrate and autoclaved twice at 121°C (1 atm) for 60 minutes, and then inoculated with 3% of spawn. The lineage P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03) showed higher growth rates in relation to P. ostreatoroseus (POR01/06). Substrates showing lower C/N ratio provided more mycelium vigor. Castor oil plant waste based-substrate showed good perspectives to growing P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03).
Highlights
The growth stage of fungal mycelium in the substrate is very important for mushroom production, since a suitable substrate facilitates mycelium colonization and avoids risks of contamination later on, mainly by other fungi and bacteria that can affect the production (Royse, 2002)
This work aimed to select a substrate among sugarcane bagasse, elephant grass, castor oil plant wastes and sterilized rice available in the region to cultivate Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC96/03) and Pleurotus ostreatoroseus (POR01/06) through evaluations of vigor, in vitro mycelium growth, fresh mass, productivity and biological efficiency
The initial cultures were obtained from the lineages PSC96/03 Pleurotus sajor-caju and POR01/06 of Pleurotus ostreatoroseus, belonging to Módulo de Cogumelos FCA/ UNESP/Botucatu/SP and Laboratório Experimental de Micologia/IB/UFPel, respectively
Summary
The growth stage of fungal mycelium in the substrate is very important for mushroom production, since a suitable substrate facilitates mycelium colonization and avoids risks of contamination later on, mainly by other fungi and bacteria that can affect the production (Royse, 2002). Most edible mushrooms have high index of mycelium development on different kinds of prime matter. The selection of a substrate is indispensable for the mycelium to develop fast, with vigor, and to enhance mushroom production. Edible mushrooms adapted to tropical regions require climatic conditions such as temperature oscillating around 25 and 30oC at the growth stage of the mycelium. Lineages that are not adapted to the climate of the place they are cultivated will not show satisfactory mycelium growth and mushroom production (Rossi et al, 2001)
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