Abstract
With rising environmental concerns on potable water safety and eutrophication, increased media attention and tighter environmental regulations, managing animal waste in an environmentally responsible and economically feasible way can be a challenge. In this study, the possibility of using granular anammox process for ammonia removal from swine waste treatment water was investigated. A rapid decrease of NO2−–N and NH4+–N was observed during incubation with wastewater from an activated sludge deodorization reactor and anaerobic digestion-partial oxidation treatment process treating swine manure and its corresponding control artificial wastewaters. Ammonium removal dropped from 98.0 ± 0.6% to 66.9 ± 2.7% and nearly absent when the organic load in the feeding increased from 232 mg COD/L to 1160 mg COD/L and 2320 mg COD/L. The presence of organic carbon had limited effect on nitrite and total nitrogen removal. At a COD to N ratio of 0.9, COD inhibitory organic load threshold concentration was 727 mg COD/L. Mass balance indicated that denitrifiers played an important role in nitrite, nitrate and organic carbon removal. These results demonstrated that anammox system had the potential to effectively treat swine manure that can achieve high nitrogen standards at reduced costs.
Highlights
Large concentrated swine feeding operations throughout the world are presently producing a huge amount of manure with abundant nitrogen and phosphorus as well as organic matter (Zhang et al, 2006)
Effluent from anaerobic wastewater treatment processes is characterized by a high concentration of nitrogen and a low concentration of organic matters (Kataoka et al, 2002)
Control reactor performance and characteristics of anammox granules Feeding with synthetic wastewater, the control experiment was carried out at an HRT of 1.0 days and the influent NH+4 –N to NO−2 –N ratio was kept at around 1.0
Summary
Large concentrated swine feeding operations throughout the world are presently producing a huge amount of manure with abundant nitrogen and phosphorus as well as organic matter (Zhang et al, 2006). Liquid swine manure can provide essential nutrients for plant growth. On the other hand, continuing land application for manure disposal could result in excessive nutrient loss from soil to water, causing eutrophication that deteriorates water quality (Karlen, Cambardella & Kanwar, 2004). Manure contributes to the production of greenhouse gas emissions (Thorman et al, 2007). Effluent from anaerobic wastewater treatment processes is characterized by a high concentration of nitrogen and a low concentration of organic matters (i.e., a low C/N ratio) (Kataoka et al, 2002). Biological nitrogen removal is achieved mostly by complete oxidation to NO−3 with surplus oxygen and subsequent reduction of NO−3 to N2 gas under anoxic conditions at the
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