Abstract
Multi-environment trials have a significant role in selecting the best genotypes to be used at different locations. The study aimed to determine grain yield and stability of 15 bread wheat genotypes in Ethiopia using parametric stability method. Fifteen bread wheat genotypes were evaluated using RCBD with four replications at six locations in Ethiopia in 2017/18 main cropping season. Considering environment, grain yield of environments over genotypes ranged from 2.8 t ha-1 for Bekoji to 5.15 t ha-1 for Kulumsa. Grain yield of genotypes over environments ranged from 1.53 t ha-1 to 4.93 t ha-1. Among the genotypes with above-average mean grain yield (>3.8 t ha-1), ETBW8084 and Hidase were declared stable by all parametric stability parameters except by S2i and CV (%) while ETBW8427 was declared stable by all parametric stability parameters. These three genotypes ranked 6th, 3th and 4rd by mean grain yield and contributed only 4.5, 4.0 and 4.5% to SS of GxE interaction, respectively. Hence, they can be recommended for wide adaptation. The genotype ETBW8065 was also among the stable and high yielding genotypes contributing only 6.3% to GEI. ETBW8078, ETBW8311 and ETBW8459 were low yielding and stable genotypes contributing 1.2, 3.9 and 3.5% to GEI. ETBW9470, ETBW8070 and ETBW9037 were among the highest yielding genotypes ranking 1st, 2nd and 5th, respectively. However, they were declared unstable by most stability parameters except ETBW8070 which was declared stable by S2i, CV (%) and Pi stability models. Generally based grain yield ETBW9470 and ETBW8070 genotypes were recommended to crossing block.
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely adapted and cultivated cereal grain in the world
A large sum of squares evaluation for environment indicated that environments were diverse and this caused the most variation in grain yield
Among the genotypes with above-average mean grain yield (>3.8 t ha-1), ETBW8084 and Hidase were declared stable by all stability parameters except by S2i while ETBW8427 was declared stable by all stability parameters
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely adapted and cultivated cereal grain in the world. Wheat productivity is still low (2.7 t/ha) as compared to world average which is 3.1 t/ha [4] and is constrained by several factors including lack of high yielding, widely adaptable and stable varieties; suboptimal use of good agricultural practices; susceptibility to biotic factors (notably wheat rusts, septoria and weeds); abiotic stresses like drought, heat, frost, acidity, alkalinity, flooding, Gadisa Alemu Wardofa and Abebe Delesa Ararsa: Evaluation of Grain Yield Stability Analysis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Using Parametric Method water logging; socio-economic factors namely inappropriate supply and use of inputs like seed, fertilizers, pesticides, mechanization services; inadequate natural resources conservation; etc
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