Abstract
The genetic variations were studied in different populations of Dipcadi filamentosum Medik collected from various geographical locations in Nigeria using 12 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Genomic DNA extraction was carried out using DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (QIAGEN, USA) and amplification of fragments was performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Amplification by 9 primers resulted in the detection of 95 loci and this represented 100% polymorphism. The sizes of the bands ranged between 1500-50bp in OPAE-14 and OPAC- 11.The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the genetic variation observed were accounted for by the first three components (81.14%). Biplot analysis indicated that the markers effectively separated the populations into groups based on genetic similarity. The cluster analysis classified the populations into two major clusters with nine groups. The Neighbour joining clustered populations from YOB (north east,), OYO (south west) and KBA (north central) as genetically related and close neighbours.
Highlights
Dipcadi filamentosum belongs to the Family Hyacinthaceae
The use of morphological or phenotypic traits can be employed in the determination of genetic diversity but these traits are influenced by temperature, soil type and other environmental conditions which are often difficult to evaluate as noted by Ozrenk et al (2009).The use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers enabled the random section of DNA to be rapidly reproduced using short oligonucleotide primers
The high polymorphic results in this work is in consonance with the work of Guasmi et al (2012) where 100% polymorphism was obtained in their use of RAPD markers to study the genetic diversity among South Tunisian barley
Summary
The family is represented by 55 species (Mabberley, 1990) distributed in the Southern Mediterranean region in Africa, Arabia, Socotra, Madagascar and India. In Nigeria, it is found growing in regions where shady trees are absent (Temikotan et al, 2013). It grows well in sandy – loam soil. The leaves of D. filamentosum have been reported to contain phytochemicals such as tannin, saponin and flavanoid (Abdulkareem et al, 2014). It is used in horticulture as an ornamental plant. This study was carried out to determine the genetic variations which exist within the populations of D. filamentosum
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