EVALUATION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY BETWEEN THREE LINES OF CHICKENS BASED ON RAPD-PCR AND 18S rRNA GENE SEQUENCING IN ERBIL (IRAQI KURDISTAN REGION)

Hemin Ali Omarbly,Dilger Khdr,Aram Ahmed,Shirkoo Fateh Salai,Rozhgar Khailany

doi:10.33899/magrj.2021.129979.1129

Abstract

The current study was carried out to evaluate and identify the genetic variation between Local Black chicken lines with two commercial Layer (Isa Brown) and Broiler (Rose) breeds using RAPD markers and sequencing approach of 18s rRNA gene. From the result of the RAPD marker, all primers used were produced 152 scorable bands ranging from 2 to 9 with the size ranging from 320 to 2990 bp with percentage polymorphic loci 64.86% among chicken populations. The highest amplified fragments by primer OPC-11 and lowest by OPAA-03 were 24 and 8, respectively. The mean of the observed number of alleles (na), effective number of alleles (ne), gene diversity (h), Shannon's information index (I) for all loci found to be 1.6486, 1.5189, 0.2883 and 0.4129, respectively. The existence of a high level of polymorphisms and targeted (74) loci throughout all chicken populations/primers indicate sufficient genetic distance and more genetic variability among chicken populations using RAPD-PCR techniques. Result of blasted sequences of 18srRNA gene of local chicken has GenBank accession number MT808178 and MT808179 by BLAST tool against Gallus gallus, it showed the highest identity 95.74% and 94.88% for data of first and second part, respectively. The overall dendrograms clustered showed that the local chicken was closer to the commercial layer than to the broiler chicken lines. Therefore, it suggests that improving the local Black chicken line according to the layer breeding program to collect genetically invaluable genetic resources

Highlights

Domestic chicken is the most widespread species among domestic animals (Meydan et al, 2016)
Gallus gallus gallus is a monophyletic origin for domestic breeds (Akishinonomiya et al, 1994 and 1996), and all domestic chicken breeds may have arisen from solo domestication in Thailand and nearby regions
Local Iraqi chickens are well suited to the local environmental conditions (-5°C to 50°C), high disease resistance, and are raised throughout the country for meat and egg production and the phenotypic differentiation was used to define the genetic diversity of native chickens

Summary

Introduction

Domestic chicken is the most widespread species among domestic animals (Meydan et al, 2016). Local Iraqi chickens are well suited to the local environmental conditions (-5°C to 50°C), high disease resistance, and are raised throughout the country for meat and egg production and the phenotypic differentiation was used to define the genetic diversity of native chickens Based on their feather color, five distinct genetic lines of local chicken, namely Black, Brown, Barred, White, and White Naked, were derived from indigenous foundation populations, which were a sample collected from all over the country. Local chicken breeds have a good flavor of meat and eggs They are known to be proficient mothers, feed competence, good foragers, and slightest care is required for growth. They considered as the national genetic resources and the key factor in constructing renewable agriculture (Ibrahim et al, 2015)

Objectives

Methods

Results