Evaluation of Gastric Emptying Measured with the 13 C-octanoic Acid Breath Test in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia: Comparison with Ultrasonography

Abstract

Background: As a non-invasive modality by which to evaluate the gastric emptying of a solid meal, the 13C-octanoic acid breath test has recently become more widely used. Previously, we reported that ultrasonography was another non-invasive and reliable method for assessing gastric motility. The aim of this study was to compare the reliability of these two methods. Methods: Seventeen patients with functional dyspepsia and 10 healthy volunteers were studied. The solid test meal consisted of a scrambled egg labeled with 13 C-octanoic acid (100 mg) and served with a bowl of rice and boiled chicken (total 424 kcal). After ingestion of the test meal, all subjects were examined in the sitting position. Ultrasonography images were obtained every 15 min for 3 h. Breath sampling followed the same time schedule as for the ultrasonography, with an additional 3 h of sampling at 30-min intervals. We investigated the half emptying time (T1/2) and the lag phase with both methods. Results: The T1/2 by the ultrasonography method and the breath test were positively correlated ( r 2 = 0.638); however, there was no significant agreement between the study groups. Both the T1/2 and the lag phase were prolonged in the functional dyspepsia patients compared with the healthy volunteers, regardless of the method of measurement. The lag phase was significantly correlated ( r 2 = 0.864) with the T1/2 by the breath test. Conclusions: Although the 13 C-octanoic acid breath test cannot assess the gastric emptying of solids as reliably as ultrasonography, both tests are useful for evaluating functional dyspepsia patients with delayed gastric emptying.