Evaluation of gasoline-phthalocyanines fuel blends in terms of engine performance and emissions in gasoline engines

Abstract

The aim of this study was to perform performance and emission analysis in a spark ignition engine by adding different ratios of Phthalocyanines additive to gasoline fuel. In this study, PH10, PH20 and PH30 blend fuels were prepared by blending fuels containing 10 %, 20 % and 30 % phthalocyanine by volume with pure gasoline, respectively. The blended fuels were tested in a gasoline engine at five different engine speeds under full load and the performance values were measured from the dynamometer connected to the engine and emission values were measured from the emission device connected to the exhaust. Compared to pure gasoline in the experimental study, both the torque value and engine power of the PH10 blend fuel decreased, while the exhaust gas temperature increased. While both torque and engine power of PH20 and PH30 blended fuels increased, exhaust gas temperatures decreased. Specific fuel consumption of PH10, PH20, PH30 blended fuels decreased by 4.93 %, 2.12 % and 8.04 %, respectively, compared to pure gasoline. Phthalocyanines' protective, cleaning, and anti-corrosion properties can lead to a decrease in specific fuel consumption when used as a gasoline additive. In the study, it was concluded that increasing the ratio of phthalocyanines additive in gasoline reduces fuel consumption. PH10, PH20 and PH30 fuel blends resulted in 15.34 %, 19.46 % and 9.61 % increase in CO2 emissions respectively compared to gasoline. In addition, CO emissions of blended fuels decreased compared to gasoline, while NOx and HC emissions increased.