Evaluation of food baits to capture Drosophila suzukii in the southern of Brazil.

Jutiane Wollmann,Daniele C.H Schlesener,Mauro S Garcia,Flávio R.M Garcia,Júlia G.A Vieira,Daniel Bernardi

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201920180375

Jutiane Wollmann, Daniele C.H Schlesener + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920180375

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Abstract

Drosophila suzukii is one of the main pests of small fruits in the world. An effective monitoring is fundamental to detect the presence of the fly and to predict the infestation of fruits in new areas. We evaluated the food baits Ceratrap®, Torula®, Biofruit®, Suzukii Trap®, apple cider vinegar, and a homemade mixture comprising wine, vinegar and molasses (WVM) for D. suzukii attractiveness, and if reproductive stage affects females attraction and capture in the different baits. Bait selectivity of non-target insects was assessed. The preference of adults between ripe blackberry fruit and the food baits was also evaluated. Adults showed a higher attraction (61.97% of the captured insects) to the WVM mixture than to Ceratrap® (1.32%), Torula® (0.52%), Biofruit® (13.15%), Suzukii Trap® (17.6%), and apple vinegar (5.4%). Considering the attractiveness to D. suzukii, Suzukii Trap® and apple vinegar were the most selective to non-target insects. In general, reproductively immature females showed a preference for Biofruit®, apple vinegar, and WVM, whereas mature females did not show bait preferences. Adults preferred ripe blackberry fruit over the WVM mixture. Understanding the field behavior of D. suzukii is of foremost importance to estimate insect population density and outline pest management strategies.

Highlights

Spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is considered the main insect pest of small fruit crops worldwide
A total of 9,011 specimens of D. suzukii were captured in the different treatments, with a significant interaction between food baits over time during the experiment both in males (F = 2.80; df = 3, 6; P < 0.0001) and females (F = 2.04; df = 3, 6; P < 0.0036) of D. suzukii
With respect to bait attractiveness to non-target insects, a total of 23,298 specimens were captured in the different treatments; these specimens belonged to the families Drosophilidae (18,996), Nitidulidae (3,517), Tephritidae (216), Z. indianus (47 insects), and Vespidae (21), and parasitoids belonging to the families Diapriidae and Figitidae (501 insects) were observed (Table II)

Summary

Introduction

Spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is considered the main insect pest of small fruit crops worldwide. It is widespread in several countries of North America, Europe (Calabria et al 2012, Cini et al 2014) and more recently has been observed in South America (Santos 2014a, Schlesener et al.2015, Andreazza et al 2016, 2017, Garcia et al 2017). It has the potential to colonize agricultural crops in countries in Oceania and Africa (Dos Santos et al 2017). The rapid spread of the species is associated with its high polyphagia, biotic potential, and environmental adaptation. The economic impact of SWD has been recorded based on substantial losses in agriculture (Bolda et al 2010, Lee et al 2011, De Ros et al 2015).

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