Evaluation of foliar fungicides for frogeye leaf spot control and yield protection in soybean in Arkansas

Abstract

The efficacy of fifteen foliar fungicides to control frogeye leaf spot (caused by Cercospora sojina K. Hara) and protect soybean grain yield was investigated over three years (2014–2016) in two field experiments. Experiments were divided into two fungicide groups: premix fungicides, which included combinations of quinone outside inhibitors (QoI), demethylation inhibitors (DMI), succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI), or methyl benzimidazole carbamates (MBC), and solo fungicides, all DMI fungicides. Fungicides were applied once at the full pod (R4) in 2014 and 2015 and at the beginning seed (R5) growth stage in 2016. A very susceptible frogeye leaf spot cultivar, Armor 48R40, was used. Frogeye leaf spot severity at fungicide application timing average 1.0, 0.5, and 8.0% in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Final disease severity averaged 21.7, 14.5, and 15.1% in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively on the non-treated control. Azoxystrobin provided no disease control, suggesting the presence of QoI-resistant C. sojina. Three fungicides: azoxystrobin + difenoconazole, flutriafol, and thiophanate-methyl + tebuconazole applied at R4 provided effective disease control compared to the non-treated control. Fungicides applied at R5 provided no disease control. No fungicide provided significant grain yield protection in either experiment. Overall, the average yield protection trend by fungicides applied at R4 and R5 was 6.8 and 3.0%, respectively compared to the non-treated control. These data suggest that although foliar fungicides can provide effective frogeye leaf spot control, yield protection may be limited when applied at the R4 growth stage, particularly when disease severity exceeds 0.5% on a very susceptible soybean cultivar.