Abstract
This study evaluates the response capacity to fire disaster emergency response system in Ilorin metropolis using Open-source data and response time analysis. Road and street information were obtained from Geofabrik. In addition, coordinates of fire service stations and fire disaster risk spots, specifically fuel and gas stations were acquired using Garmin 76X handheld GPS. Using the relationship of the length of road segments and speed, the travel time was computed in ArcGIS 10.4 environment. With the Network analyst tool, the response capability of the fire stations was evaluated at different response times (1, 2, and 3 minutes) based on service area coverage. The results showed that the fire stations could only cover 0.24%, 0.68%, and 1.22% of the service area within 1-, 2- and 3-minute response time, respectively, whereas 97.86% of the metropolis requires longer time (>3 minutes). Finding from this study has revealed the inadequacy of the existing fire disaster emergency response system to effectively cover the city. This will be useful for local and state governments in policy directives on strengthening fire disaster emergency response structure.
Highlights
Fire disaster, including wild forest and urbanized areas, has become a common incident globally (Menya and K’Akumu, 2016)
The analysis has shown that the three fire stations can, within 1, 1 to 2- and 2 to 3-minute travel time, cover 0.24%, 0.68%, and 1.22% of the service area, respectively
Our findings showed that in case of any fire outbreak, 2.14% of the service area could be responded to within 3 minutes, which is sufficient to put a fire outbreak under control before it progresses into a flashover
Summary
Fire disaster, including wild forest and urbanized areas, has become a common incident globally (Menya and K’Akumu, 2016). Notable incidences in Ilorin, Kwara state include; the fire outbreak at the Nigerian Television Authority, Ilorin on 22nd July 2020, the incidence at Ipata market, Ilorin on 21st December 2020, where goods and properties worth millions of Naira were destroyed and the incidence at an apartment in Tanke, Ilorin on 19th March 2021, where five people were burnt to death (Adebayo, 2021; Jimoh, 2020; Akinyemi, 2021). Fire disaster emergency response system requires the proper location of fire service stations with respect to societal and environmental components such as population growth, urbanization, and industrialization upon which fire incidents are categorized as either domestic or industrial fires (Waheed, 2014; Addai et al, 2016; Granda and Ferreira, 2018). There are the need for fire disaster emergency response systems to be frequently evaluated to ascertain their capability to promptly respond to fire incidences that might occur in an area
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