EVALUATION OF FETAL OUTCOME BY USG COLOUR DOPPLER IN PATIENTS OF PIH WITH AND WITHOUT FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION

Arindaam Arjunrao Pol,Namrata Shrivastava,Rounak Munshi

doi:10.32553/ijmbs.v4i4.1076

Abstract

Detection of fetal hypoxia with Doppler flow studies of Umbilical Artery (UA) & Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA), to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality by timely intervention. Evaluation of foetal health in cases of severe PIH & IUGR by Doppler flow studies of UA and MCA flow velocimetry. Gestational age and mode of delivery, Evaluation of the perinatal outcome & Cut-off values of RI, PI and S/D ratio of UA and MCA to identify IUGR. IUGR was higher in patients with PIH (76.6%) in comparison to the control group (50.0%). Only 76.7% patients with PIH had an apgar of > 7, while all control group patients had apgar of > 7. 28 (46.6%) neonates needed NICU support and 1 neonate expired, while 100% of control group neonates were shifted to mother. In both control and study groups weight of IUGR babies was significantly lower in comparison to their non-IUGR counterparts (by USG and actual) Keywords: Fetal, USG Color Doppler, PIH & Outcome.

Highlights

Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) – major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide Cause of 24% of all maternal mortality in developed countries and 20% in developing countries.[1]
IUGR was higher in patients with PIH (76.6%) in comparison to the control group (50.0%)
76.7% patients with PIH had an apgar of > 7, while all control group patients had apgar of > 7. 28 (46.6%) neonates needed NICU support and 1 neonate expired, while 100% of control group neonates were shifted to mother

Summary

Introduction

Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) – major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide Cause of 24% of all maternal mortality in developed countries and 20% in developing countries.[1] Early detection of PIH allows vigilant antenatal surveillance and appropriate intervention to avoid serious sequelae. Good utero-placental circulation is essential to achieve normal pregnancy FGR – complex multifactorial condition affecting 3-10% of all pregnancies FGR is associated with an increased risk of perinatal mortality, morbidity and impaired neurodevelopment Colour doppler so helps in detecting these abnormal vascular resistance patterns. The challenge is to identify FGR from constitutional small fetus. Accurate diagnosis of FGR is essential for early detection and proper antenatal management reduces perinatal mortality and morbidity. Late onset of placental insufficiency is commonly associated with redistribution of blood flow in favour of fetal brain (i.e. brain sparing phenomena) [4]

Methods

Results

Conclusion