Evaluation of Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Important Wild and Domestic Turkish Mustard Genotypes (Brassica spp.)

Fatma Kayaçeti̇n,Banu Efeoğlu,Gül Sarioğlu

doi:10.21448/ijsm.474894

Abstract

The seed oil samples of 57 mustard genotypes belonging to six species of mustard (Brassica spp.) Brassica juncea (31 genotypes), B. rapa (6 genotypes), B. napus (2 genotypes), B. nigra (6 genotypes), B. arvensis (10 genotypes) and B. alba (2 genotypes) collected from USA gene bank and diverse ecologies of Turkey were used as research material and evaluated for their fatty acid composition by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The aim of this study was to evaluation of fatty acid compositions of some important wild and domestic Turkish mustard genotypes (Brassica spp.). The results showed significant variability among all genotypes for fatty acid composition. Erusic acid (C22:1; 20.63-47.87%), oleic acid (C18:1; 7.42-24.54%) and linoleic acid (C18:2; 9.61-25.11%) were determined to be the dominant fatty acids among all genotypes. It has been observed that the results in wild mustards have too many resemblances with the composition of fatty acid of mustard which is used by people in alternative medical science, paint, food industry and biodisel production. The great variability in seed oil contents in Brassica genotypes showed their potential for use in future breeding programs.

Highlights

Brassicas are members of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family
The maximum total saturated fatty acids percent was observed in BA7-Turkey, Şereflikoçhisar of B. arvensis (10.18%) while the minimum oil percent was noted in BR-A48-Turkey, Tekirdağ of B. rapa genotype (5.25%)
The maximum total monounsaturated fatty acid percent was obtained in BA7-Turkey, Şereflikoçhisar of B. arvensis (75.23%) while the minimum fatty oil percent was noted in BJ-A20-India of B. juncea (50.90%)

Summary

Introduction

Brassicas are members of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family. Brassicaeae comprise a diverse family of plants and provide one of the most extensive and varied range of end products used by man from a single plant genus [1]. Brassica rapa (rapeseed or rape mustard), B. juncea (Asian mustard or brown mustard), B. arvensis (charlock), B. nigra (black mustard) and B. alba (white or yellow mustard) are some of the important species of Brassicaceae family. Turkey has a rich flora; more than 9000 flowering plant species. The family Brassicaceae contains 84 genera with 441 species [2]. Brassica alba L., B. arvensis L., B. nigra L. and B. juncea L. family Cruciferae, grow in Turkey under natural conditions as weed (3, 4)

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