Abstract
In this study, the influence of genotype, concentration of thidiazuron (TDZ), and explant position on the culture medium in organogenesis in a somatic tissue culture of two gloxinia cultivars was investigated. Isolated explants cultured on the medium containing TDZ formed adventitious shoots directly without an intervening callus phase. Explant regeneration frequency varied depending on the genotype, TDZ concentration, and explant position on the medium. The analysis of variance revealed that cultivar (C), TDZ concentration (T), position of explant on culture medium (P), and the interaction of C × T, C × P, T × P, and C × T × P significantly influenced the frequency of shoot formation. However, the effect of interface C × P and C × T × P on the number of shoots per explant was not significant. “Snowy” leaf explants manifested a significantly higher mean shoot formation frequency (p ˂ 0.01) in comparison with the cultivar “Midnight Purple”. The medium enriched with 3.5 μM TDZ resulted in the highest organogenesis frequency, while the highest shoot number per explant was acquired on medium supplemented with 4.0 μM TDZ. The explants of the tested cultivars cultured on the medium with the adaxial side down showed a significantly higher (p ˂ 0.01) shoot formation frequency in comparison with explants cultured on the medium with the abaxial side, and they showed a higher mean number of shoots per explant. An effective method for in vitro organogenesis of Sinningia speciosa (Lodd.) Hiern without an intervening callus phase was established.
Highlights
Gloxinia (Sinningia speciosa (Lodd.) Hiern) is very valuable ornamental plant that is widely cultivated worldwide for commercial purposes
On the medium supplemented with TDZ, the isolated explants formed adventitious shoots directly without a callus phase
Explant regeneration frequency varied from 6.9 to 96.3% depending on the genotype, TDZ, and explant position on the medium (Figure 2)
Summary
Gloxinia (Sinningia speciosa (Lodd.) Hiern) is very valuable ornamental plant that is widely cultivated worldwide for commercial purposes. It is a plant with large oval leaves and varicolored single or double flowers [1,2]. Micropropagation by tissue culture enables the production of a large quantity of identical plants year-round without compromising quality. For this reason, plant propagation by biotechnological approaches has been increasing worldwide, and in 2006, more than 156 genera of ornamental plants were propagated by in vitro techniques in plant tissue culture laboratories in many countries [6].
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