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Abstract
Several natural coagulants have been studied for use in water treatment. The seed of Moringa oleifera Lam, for example, is a natural coagulant whose extract has been mentioned as effective not only for removing color, turbidity, and compounds with absorption at UV-254 nm, but also for significantly reducing the amount of sludge and bacteria in wastewaters. Therefore, the present study (1) evaluated the molecular weight of the extract of Moringa oleifera seed utilizing electrophoresis, and (2) compared the efficiency of different extracts obtained, using solutions of NaCl (0.01 M, 0.1 M and 1 M), distilled water, and Moringa oleifera Lam seed, acting as a natural coagulant in order to obtain drinking water. The tests were performed in Jar Test, and the effectiveness of the process was assessed regarding the removal of color, turbidity and UV-254 nm. It was observed that the molecular weight found in this study is consistent with literature data. Moreover, the highest removal efficiency of color, turbidity, and UV-254 nm occurred with 1M NaCl solution, with coagulant concentration between 100 and 300 mg L-1. The results obtained evidenced that the seed of Moringa oleifera Lam is a great alternative for use as a coagulant in drinking water treatment systems.
Highlights
The monitoring of several indicators is required for controlling water quality
This study evaluated the molecular weight of the protein in the Moringa oleifera seed by means of electrophoresis, and examined the efficiency of different extracts obtained from seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam as natural coagulant in processes to obtain drinking water
After the extraction with water of the active compound of two different samples of Moringa oleifera seed, the characterization was performed through electrophoresis (Figure 1), in order to evaluate which was the molecular weight (MW) of the active compound found in the extracts
Summary
The monitoring of several indicators is required for controlling water quality. The concern about the contamination of aquatic environments increases especially when the water is used for human consumption. There is great importance in developing more sophisticated treatment techniques or even in improving of existing ones, for the removal of. Technology color, turbidity, and compounds with absorption at UV – 254 nm in the treatment of surface water to obtain drinking water. The aluminum sulfate stands out as the most used chemical coagulant in Brazil, due to its good effectiveness and low cost. As the aluminum is not biodegradable, high concentrations of this compound can harm human health, including the acceleration of the degenerative
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