Abstract
The objective of this research is to implement extraction and degradation methods for the obtainment of 3-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-galactopyranosyl] soyasapogenol B (chickpeasaponin B1) from chickpea. The effects of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) processing parameters—such as ethanol concentration, solvent/solid ratio, extraction temperature, microwave irradiation power, and irradiation time—were evaluated. Using 1g of material with 8 mL of 70% aqueous ethanol and an extraction time of 10 min at 70 °C under irradiation power 400W provided optimal extraction conditions. Compared with the conventional extraction techniques, including heat reflux extraction (HRE), Soxhlet extraction (SE), and ultrasonic extraction (UE), MAE produced higher extraction efficiency under a lower extraction time. DDMP (2,3-dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one) saponin can be degraded to structurally stable saponin B by the loss of its DDMP group. The influence of pH and the concentration of potassium hydroxide on transformation efficiency of the target compound was investigated. A solution of 0.25 M potassium hydroxide in 75% aqueous ethanol was suitable for converting the corresponding DDMP saponins of chickpeasaponin B1. The implementation by the combining MAE technique and alkaline hydrolysis method for preparing chickpeasaponin B1 provides a convenient technology for future applications.
Highlights
Saponins, isolated from legumes, consist of a complex mixture of pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides
Our Literature study, the chickpeas purchased anmainly agricultural soyasaponin βg, a DDMP saponin, that was identified by fast atom bombardment mass-spectrometry products market in Urumqi, China, were extracted using the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method reported by Kerem, et al
It was observed that when the potassium hydroxide concentrations were 0.1% and 0.2%, were 0.1% and 0.2%, the converting rates of the corresponding DDMP saponins reached their the converting rates of the corresponding DDMP saponins reached their maximum with the yields maximum with the yields of chickpeasaponin B1 of 530.14 ± 18.37 μg/g and 1072.72 ± 51.34 μg/g at of chickpeasaponin B1 of 530.14 ± 18.37 μg/g and 1072.72 ± 51.34 μg/g at 48 h, were produced
Summary
Saponins, isolated from legumes, consist of a complex mixture of pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides. Our Literature study, the chickpeas purchased anmainly agricultural soyasaponin βg, a DDMP saponin, that was identified by fast atom bombardment mass-spectrometry products market in Urumqi, China, were extracted using the MAE method reported by Kerem, et al. Arietinum, which resulted in the isolation of a new saponin, chickpeasaponin determined as 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl] soyasapogenol B onB1the basis (Figure 1) This was found to be a major component of the chickpea extract. MAE utilizes the energy of microwaves to cause movement step of processing is extraction, which involves separating the saponins from the cellular matrix of the of molecules with a permanent dipole This causes the internal temperature of each cell to rise rapidly chickpea. In recent chickpeas and to compare rapid degradation conditions that convert corresponding DDMP years, MAE technique has become very popular for extraction of bioactive constituents from natural saponins into chickpeasaponin B1. The chickpeasaponin B1 was quantified by HPLC to evaluate extraction and degradation yields
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