Evaluation of extracellular adenine nucleotides hydrolysis in platelets and biomarkers of oxidative stress in Down syndrome individuals.

Abstract

Down syndrome (DS) is caused by the triplication of chromosome 21. Studies have demonstrated platelets abnormalities and oxidative stress in DS subjects. The enzymes NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (ADA) represent an important therapeutic target since they interfere in the extracellular nucleotide pool altering platelet functions. In this study, we evaluated the ectonucleotidases activities and oxidative stress parameters in samples of DS and healthy individuals. The population consisted of 28 subjects with DS and 28 healthy subjects as a control group. Blood was obtained from each subject and used for platelet and serum preparation. NTPDase activity using ATP as substrate was increased in platelets of DS patients in relation to the control group; however, no alterations were observed in the ADP hydrolysis. A decrease in the 5'-nucleotidase activity and an increase in the ADA activity was observed in platelet of DS subjects when compared to healthy individuals (P<0.05). The lipid peroxidation and total thiol content was decreased in serum of DS individuals. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were increased in whole blood of this group (P<0.05). Alterations in the ectonucleotidase activities in platelets as well as changes in the oxidative stress parameters may contribute to the clinical features of DS.