Abstract
A total of six treatments, i.e., negative control group (D1), B. licheniformis 7×107 CFU g−1 diet (D2); 1ml essential fennel oil (EFO) kg-1 diet (D3); 1 ml essential garlic oil (EGO) kg-1 diet (D4); B. licheniformis 7×107 CFU g−1 +1 ml EFO kg-1 diet (D5) and B. licheniformis 7×107 CFU g−1 +1 ml EGO kg-1 diet (D6) were added to the diets of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus to investigate the effects of the respective treatments on the growth, feeding behaviour, hematological and biochemical indices. Fish (1.88 ± 0.12 g) were distributed at a rate of 20 fish per 100-L aquarium and three aquaria have been assigned for each treatment. At the end of the experiment (84-day), results indicated that the highest survival, weight gain and specific growth rate were recorded by fish fed D5 and D6 being statistically different (P<0.05) from other treatment groups. Whereas, the best feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were observed in D3, D4, D5 and D6 compared with other treatment groups. Fish feed D6 were higher in mouth wrestling and chasing behavior. Fish fed D5 and D6 significantly higher (P<0.05) hematocrit and hemoglobin values also, was effectively enhanced aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total protein and globulin in comparison to the other treatments. No significant differences were found in the chemical composition of whole body of fish fed different tested diets.
Highlights
Improving the bio-economic efficiency of aquaculture is dependent on advances in biology, nutrition and environmental management of the production cycle
O. niloticus fries were obtained from fish hatchery of central laboratory for aquaculture research, Abbassa, Abou-Hammad Sharkia, Egypt
The chromatographic analysis of hydro distilled oil revealed the presence of fifteen major compounds in Essential fennel oil (EFO), representing 87.24% of the total fennel oil
Summary
Improving the bio-economic efficiency of aquaculture is dependent on advances in biology, nutrition and environmental management of the production cycle. Antimicrobials and other veterinary drugs are administered regularly as additives in fish food, are used as therapeutics or growth promoters [1]. The use of veterinary drugs is becoming more restricted since they present numerous side-effects for the environment and health safety [2]. Use of essential oil extracted from herbs medicine, could be a valuable alternative instead of antibiotics because there are fewer chances for the development of resistant strains [3]. There are many aromatic plants such as oregano, rosemary, sage, peppermint, thymus, fennel and garlic in worldwide, especially in the Mediterranean area [4]. The extracted essential oil from aromatic plants are usually used for antioxidant [5], digestive stimulant [6]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
