Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of an objective index to evaluate the grades of endometrial endometrioid carcinomas by analyzing the spectral values of ultraviolet(UV) and visible(Vis) transmittances, and the degree of UV- absorbing materials influencing nuclear colors using ultraviolet- visible-light microscopic spectroscopy (UV-Vis MS). Study design: The materials were histological preparations from 4 patients, each with proliferative-phase endometrium (PPE) and grade 1(G1) and grade 3 (G3) of endometrial endometrioid carcinomas. Both spectra were measured in the same 50 nuclei of each specimen. Results: 1) In the ultraviolet spectrum, transmittance of 260, 280, 300, and 320 nm were decreased in G3 compared to those in G1. All of the ultraviolet absorbing materials increased in G3. 2) In the visible spectrum, 520 nm (purplish red), 540 nm (purple), and 560 nm (violet) in G3 were deeper than all colors in G1, and violet in G3 was lighter than purplish red and purple in G1. 3) The following 3 characteristics were clarified with regard to the relationship between UV-absorbing materials and the violet color based group. 1) In G3, the number of the significant canonical correlation coefficient between ultraviolet light-absorbing materials and the violet color based group was only at one. 2) Purplish red and purple of the nuclei in G3 was strongly influenced by ultraviolet lightabsorbing materials (260-320 nm). 3) Purple and violet in G1 was strongly influenced by light-absorbing materials at 300 nm and 320 nm. Conclusion: It was indicated that UV-Vis MS analysis could be an objective index to evaluate the grade of endometrial endometrioid cancerby analyzing the spectral values of transmittances of ultraviolet and visible light, and the degree of ultraviolet light- absorbing materials influencing nuclear colors in the same nuclear region.
Highlights
The prevalence of endometrial cancer is increasing in Japan due to the westernization of the Japanese lifestyle [1]
2) Purplish red and purple of the nuclei in grade 3 (G3) was strongly influenced by ultraviolet lightabsorbing materials (260-320 nm)
It was indicated that Ultraviolet light (UV)-Vis MS analysis could be an objective index to evaluate the grade of endometrial endometrioid cancerby analyzing the spectral values of transmittances of ultraviolet and visible light, and the degree of ultraviolet light- absorbing materials influencing nuclear colors in the same nuclear region
Summary
The prevalence of endometrial cancer is increasing in Japan due to the westernization of the Japanese lifestyle [1]. Endometrial cancer arises from the uterine endometrium, and is divided into estrogendependent type I and – independent type II. Endometrioid carcinoma accounts for most type-I cases. Endometrioid carcinoma develops from endometrial hyperplasia as a precursor lesion or often accompanies as a background lesion, and shows a broad range of histology from Grade 1(G1) to grade 3 (G3). G3 often deeply invades the muscle layer and the prognosis is poor. Grading is classified based on structural atypia (partially cellular atypia), but an objective index of differentiation or malignancy other than structural atypia has not been investigated sufficiently. A new objective index to evaluate nuclear atypia is necessary
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