Abstract
The demand for food production brings with it the increase of effluent generation, which represents a great problem for slaughterhouses, since effluents contain higher organic load, requiring adequate treatment to decrease environmental impacts. This study examines an alternative to solve this problem: the application of electrocoagulation in the treatment of anaerobic slaughterhouse and packing plant effluents, as this promising technique is both compact and robust. The removal of color, COD and turbidity was analyzed, and the operational cost was calculated. To optimize the process, the CCRD (central composite rotatable design) methodology was used with two independent variables: electric current density and electrolysis time, obtaining a complete factorial of 2² with 4 axial points and 4 repetitions at the central point. The most expressive removals were: 87%, 80% and 76% for color, COD and turbidity, respectively, the lower operational cost obtained was 0.12 US$.m-3. The statistical analysis allowed obtaining valid mathematical models for color removal and cost and, through the analysis of desirability, it was found that for current density of 8 mA.cm-2 and time of 20 minutes it is possible to maximize color removal (84%) and minimize the cost (0.21 US$.m-3).
 Keywords: color, cost, COD, turbidity.
Highlights
The growth of the food industry and the increase in the amount of waste generated in the process has become alarming with regard to the preservation of natural resources
This study evaluated the effects of operational conditions of electrocoagulation on the removal of COD, color and turbidity in the post-treatment of anaerobic effluent from slaughterhouses and packing plants
The anaerobic wastewater used for the tests presented the following concentrations of characterization: COD of 2,185 ± 106.70 mg.L-1, color of 5,000 ± 0.00 UC, turbidity of 434 ±
Summary
The growth of the food industry and the increase in the amount of waste generated in the process has become alarming with regard to the preservation of natural resources. Due to the great polluting power, it is necessary to carry out the treatment of these wastewater and anaerobic systems are widely used for this. The use of anaerobic digestion in the treatment of wastewater from slaughterhouses is an interesting alternative due to the generation of value-added products, such as biogas and digestate (Wang et al, 2021). Anaerobic treatment is efficient in the removal of organic matter, post-treatment is necessary to achieve patterns for release into rivers (Al-Qodah et al, 2019). Many technologies can be used as post-anaerobic effluent treatment. An alternative which requires further studies is electrocoagulation, as it is a compact technology of easy operation and low maintenance cost (Al-Qodah et al, 2019)
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