EVALUATION OF ELASTOMERS AS O-RING SEALS FOR LIQUID ROCKET FUEL AND OXIDIZER SYSTEMS

Abstract

Abstract : O-ring seals of selected elastomeric and compliant materials were evaluated for resistance to liquid rocket fuels in a simulated end-use test. The candidate elastomers were placed under compression in closed cells and exposed to the liquid and vapor of liquid rocket fuels and oxidizers for extended periods of time. Rate of fuel loss through the seal, and the change in physical properties of the seal materials were determined. Nitrogen tetroxide, mixed hydrazines, chlorine triflouride, 90% hydrogen peroxide, Hybaline A-5, and pentaborane were tested in direct contact with the Oring seals at 73F. Metal clad and polyethylene encapsulated elastometric O-rings were also tested for resistance to nitrogen tetroxide at 73F. The effect of temperature on elastomer endurance was determined by exposing the O-rings to nitrogen tetroxide, mixed hydrazines, and hydrogen peroxide at 160F. The effect of direct immersion in liquid rocket fueld on the physical properties of the seal materials was investigated by immersing promising O-ring candidates in nitrogen tetroxide, hydrogen peroxide, and mixed hydrazine.