Evaluation of effects of cardiac resynchronization on coronary blood flow by coronary flow reserve and in patients with İdiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Does it predict the response?

Abstract

Background: The results of previous studies evaluating the effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on myocardial blood flow (MBF) and their relation with the response to CRT are conflicting. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one patients diagnosed with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC), a functional capacity (New York Heart Association [NYHA]) Class II or III, and left bundle branch block (LBBB) (QRS width >150 ms) were enrolled in the study. We aimed to evaluate the effects of CRT on MBF in patients with IDC and LBBB by coronary flow reserve (CFR) measurements and thereby tried to predict the responders. Results: Sixty-one patients with IDC were enrolled. CFR and hyperemic fractional flow reserve (FFR) increased after CRT. The only parameter affecting the increase in CFR was the change in FFR after CRT. Then, 44 patients who responded to the CRT treatment at 6 months were compared with 17 patients who did not. Left ventricle outflow tract time-velocity integral (LVOT-TVI), stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output index (COi) was detected significantly higher also left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was lower in the CRT responders. However, there were no significant differences in coronary flow velocity measurements between the two groups. Moreover the regression analysis revealed that the baseline NYHA class, LVOT TVI, SV, COi, and LVEDP, which were changed due to increased blood flow after CRT implantation, is not associated with response to CRT. Conclusions: Our results suggest that MBF increased after CRT in patients with IDC probably by improving microvascular functions. However, the response to CRT treatment is not related to the changes in the coronary blood flow velocities after CRT.