Abstract
An analysis of unforeseen fires and explosions at ammunition storage sites was conducted and it was found that one of the biggest risks is their fire hazard as storage of such products is realized using wood, both in building construction and packaging products, and necessity of efficient fire retardant treatment was established. To determine efficiency when developing fire retardant coatings studies were conducted for the determination of the combustibility group of wood in terms of weight loss and raise of the flue gas temperature, and it was found that when treating of wood with coatings, the mass loss did not exceed 5 % and the temperature did not exceed 260 oC. The results of the determination of the efficiency of fire retardant treatment of wood with geocement and organicmineral coatings showed that the material burnout and structural failure did not occur when exposed to hightemperature flame. Studies to determine the quality of the fire retardant treatment of wood with a coating have shown that the rate of wood charring in case of untreated sample was 2 mm/min, and in case of samples treated with fire retardant agents it did not exceed 0.5 mm/min which allowed us to conclude as to feasibility of the use of fire retardants based on inorganic and organic binding materials for the treatment of wooden structures. To assess the effectiveness of the fire retardant treatment of structures made of wood, the duration of magnesium flame impingement on the surface of the flame of wood treated with fire retardant agents was studied, and it was found that the sample treated with organicmineral protective coating prevented impact of high temperature and rate of wood charring more efficiently due to the creation of the swollen coke layer than coatings based on inorganic compounds, the mechanism of action of which was aimed at heat isolation.
Highlights
Fire is one of the oldest types of weapons, and the main damaging effect of incendiary weapons is evolution of heat and combustion products toxic to human beings at the time of their application
Incendiary agents can cause injury to both forces acting near the front-line and to rear facilities
Impregnating agents are not waterproof and are to be prepared prior to their application, so this is a short-term fire retardant treatment which is lost with the course of time
Summary
Fire is one of the oldest types of weapons, and the main damaging effect of incendiary weapons is evolution of heat and combustion products toxic to human beings at the time of their application. The following items are used to protect personnel from the damaging effect of incendiary weapons: closed fortifications where weapons and military equipment stored and natural shelters (ravines, pits, caves, and stone buildings). Fire retardant treatment of wood renders it ability to resist flame effect, flame spread by its surface, and prevent free access of oxygen. 4/10 ( 82 ) 2016 some ones containing combustible metals which are capable of evolution of temperatures over 2200 оC are widely used, the necessity arises to establish fire resistance rating of wood and efficiency of fire retardant coatings against effects of such temperatures
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