Abstract
Surface wave velocity measurement of concrete using ultrasonic sensors requires testing on only one side of a member. Thus, it is applicable to concrete cast inside a form and is often used to detect flaws and evaluate the compressive strength of hardened concrete. Predicting the in situ concrete strength at a very early stage inside the form helps with determining the appropriate form removal time and reducing construction time and costs. In this paper, the feasibility of using surface wave velocities to predict the strength of in situ concrete inside the form at a very early stage was evaluated. Ultrasonic sensors were used to measure a series of surface waves for concrete inside a form in the first 24 h after placement. A continuous wavelet transform was used to compute the travel time of the propagating surface waves. The cylindrical compressive strength and penetration resistance tests were also performed during the test period. Four mixtures and five curing temperatures were used for the specimens. The surface wave velocity was confirmed to be applicable to estimating the concrete strength at a very early age in wall-like elements. An empirical formula is proposed for evaluating the early-age compressive strength of concrete considering the 95% prediction intervals.
Highlights
The setting and hardening of concrete are important processes during construction work and influence the form removal time
The surface wave velocity measured with ultrasonic sensors was verified to be
The surface wave velocity measured with ultrasonic sensors was verified to be applicable to the monitoring of the solidification of concrete inside the form and an empirical formula applicable to the monitoring of the solidification of concrete inside the form and an empirical formula was developed for evaluating early-age concrete strength according to the surface wave velocity
Summary
The setting and hardening of concrete are important processes during construction work and influence the form removal time. The P-wave velocity measurement is most commonly used to evaluate the to evaluate the in situ concrete strength in a structure. This technique is prescribed in ASTM C597-16 in situ concrete strength in a structure. Surface wave-based methods have been investigated wave in concrete. Surface wave-based methods have been investigated because they only need access because they only need access to one side [16,17]. Research on the relationship between the surface wave velocity and concrete wave velocity and concrete strength has focused on hardened concrete [18,19,20,21].
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