Evaluation of dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in type II diabetes patients

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of chronic hyperglycemia associated with impairment in the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipids, and proteins. The most common endocrine and metabolic disease in the world is Type II DM. Elevated glucose levels characterize a complicated combination of genes and environmental influences, contributing to decreased insulin secretions or resistance. Materials and Methods: This observational, case-control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad in collaboration with the Department of Medicine during the period from November 2016 to July 2018. A total of 316 subjects between the age of 30 and 60 years were enrolled in the study and they were divided into two groups-Cases: One hundred and fifty eighty Type-II diabetic patients and Controls: One hundred and fifty eighty healthy adults volunteers. Results: The mean age of Type 2 diabetic subjects had higher 44.52 ± 8.17 years and in 40.20 ± 7.42 years for healthy controls. Similarly, the mean body mass index of the Type II Diabetes subjects was higher 25.28 ± 2.55 as compared to 23.07 ± 1.49 healthy controls. Large changes have been observed in fasting blood sugar, Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), and total cholesterol (TC), along with triglycerides. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was also elevated, along with very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and Malondialdehyde (MDA). With TG, LDL-C, and VLDL-C, fasting blood glucose with TC shows a favorable correlation between MDA and negative interaction with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Good interaction of MDA with HbA1c. Conclusion: Increased blood glucose levels lead to the generation of oxygen free radicals and decreased levels of antioxidants, which causes erythrocyte fragility in type 2 diabetes. As a step for the prevention of vascular complications along with macrovascular problems in Type II Diabetes subjects, early detection of dyslipidemia and oxidative stress may be used.