Evaluation of Duroc- vs. Pietrain-sired pigs for growth and composition1

Abstract

Accurate evaluations of growth and composition traits enable better management decisions regarding genetic merit, feeding, and marketing. Sires from Duroc and Pietrain populations were used to produce crossbred pigs, which were evaluated for growth and composition traits. All parents were normal for the ryanodine receptor gene. Boars from each breed were mated to either Yorkshire or F1 Yorkshire-Landrace females with 307 offspring evaluated from birth through 26 wk of age. No significant differences between sire breeds were seen for pig BW from birth through 10 wk of age. Body weight, 10th rib backfat (BF10), last rib backfat (LRF), and loin muscle area (LMA) were serially measured at 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 24, and 26 wk of age. At 26 wk of age, Duroc-sired progeny were heavier (143.4 vs. 132.7 kg, P < 0.001), had more BF10 (27.1 vs. 23.7 mm, P < 0.001) and LRF (21.2 vs. 19.2 mm, P < 0.001), but had similar LMA (46.4 vs. 47.1 cm2) compared with Pietrain-sired progeny. Mean feed efficiency did not differ between breed of sire in any period of the study. Duroc progeny had a greater ADG (980.1 vs. 892.3 g/d, P < 0.001) from 10 to 26 wk of age than Pietrain-sired pigs. Composition traits of fat-free total lean (FFTOLN), total fat tissue (TOFAT), empty body protein (EBPRO), and empty body lipid (EBLIPID) were calculated. Random regression animal models with polynomial regression on week on-test were fitted to BW, BF10, LRF, LMA, FFTOLN, TOFAT, EBPRO, and EBLIPID from 10 to 26 wk of age. Duroc-sired barrows tended to grow faster but with more fat tissue, and Pietrain-sired gilts were slower growing but leaner, whereas Duroc-sired gilts and Pietrain-sired barrows were intermediate for growth and backfat measures. Serial heritability estimates generally increased from 10 to 26 wk of age with ranges as follows: BW (0.05 to 0.39), BF10 (0.13 to 0.76), LRF (0.11 to 0.79), LMA (0.05 to 0.73), FFTOLN (0.07 to 0.16), TOFAT (0.19 to 0.45), EBPRO (0.02 to 0.55), and EBLIPID (0.12 to 0.60). Pigs sired by Duroc and Pietrain boars had similar lean tissue growth but achieved it through different mechanisms.