Abstract

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate dry eye diseases (DED) in patients with newly diagnosed depression and anxiety patients.MethodsForty newly diagnosed depression, 35 anxiety patients, and 37 controls without any history of taking psychiatric drugs (or before the beginning of psychiatric medication) and topical ophthalmic drop use, were included in the study. All depression and anxiety diagnoses were performed by an experienced psychiatrist. Beck depression and anxiety tests were used to measure disease severity. Tear film break up time (TBUT), Schirmer’s test, Oxford scores and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were admiinistered to participants. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography was used to measure tear meniscus heights (TMH), tear meniscus depths (TMD) and tear meniscus areas (TMA).ResultsIn anxiety and depression groups, Schirmer’s test (mm) (7.24 ± 6.02, 6.58 ± 4.9 and 18.79 ± 4.9 respectively, p < 0.05) and TBUT (s) (5.62 ± 3.1, 5.6 ± 3.5 and 13.37 ± 1.7 respectively, p < 0.05) were significantly lower than control group. In addition, OSDI and Oxford scores were significantly higher than controls. OSDI scores were 28.01 ± 19, 30.43 ± 18.49, 14.38 ± 8.14 respectively (p = 0.002) and Oxford scores were 1.9 ± 0.7, 2.1 ± 0.6 and 0.7 ± 0.4 respectively (p = 0.001). TMD, TMH and TMA values were significantly lower in anxiety and depression groups compared with control groups. Correlations between disease inventory scores and dry eye tests were detected.ConclusionsThis study showed a relation between DED and newly diagnosed anxiety and depression patients with no history of psychiatric drug use. The presence of correlation between dry eye tests and disease inventory scores strengthens this association. This is an important knowledge that need to be evaluated in these patients before starting psychiatric medication.

Highlights

  • We aimed to evaluate dry eye diseases (DED) in patients with newly diagnosed depression and anxiety patients

  • Conventional dry eye tests were significantly different in depression and anxiety groups compared with the control group

  • Tear meniscus parameters for the depression and anxiety groups were significantly lower compared with the control group (p < 0.05 for tear meniscus heights (TMH), tear meniscus depths (TMD), and tear meniscus areas (TMA))

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Summary

Introduction

We aimed to evaluate dry eye diseases (DED) in patients with newly diagnosed depression and anxiety patients. Dry eye disease (DED) is a common disease that affects the ocular surface with reported prevalence rates changes from 11 to 54%. [1] It is a multifactorial disease of the tear film and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort such as pain, heaviness, grittiness, burning, dryness, itchiness, foreign body sensation, visual disturbances, and tear (2019) 6:25. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ocular surface and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) findings in patients who had depression and anxiety disorders, but without any history of psychiatric drug use Dry eye disease (DED) is a common disease that affects the ocular surface with reported prevalence rates changes from 11 to 54%. [1] It is a multifactorial disease of the tear film and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort such as pain, heaviness, grittiness, burning, dryness, itchiness, foreign body sensation, visual disturbances, and tear (2019) 6:25

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