Evaluation of drug release, mucoadhesive and viscoelastic performances of Netildex gel versus an antibiotic‐steroid combination system

Abstract

Purpose: The poor bioavailability and therapeutic response exhibited by conventional antibiotic‐steroid ophthalmic solutions due to rapid precorneal elimination of the drug may be overcome using a gel systems. Netildex gel is a preservative‐free product based on netilmicin and dexamethasone indicated for the treatment of inflammatory ocular conditions of the anterior segment and ocular adnexa including post‐cataract surgery. The current investigation evaluated the in vitro drug release, viscosity and mucoadhesion profile of Netildex gel in comparison to a gel matrix with regard to steroid and antibiotic delivery.Methods: In vitro drug release was assessed using Franz‐type diffusion cells, under sink condition, exploiting a simulated tear solution (STS) as dissolution medium and a regenerated cellulose membrane. Evaluation of mucoadhesive and viscoelastic properties were performed by texture analyzer TA‐XT2 and rheometer.Results: The dexamethasone and netilmicin release curves in Netildex gel exhibited a better sustained and controlled pattern over an extended time period (48 h) with respect to another gel system containing anti‐inflammatory and antibiotic drugs. The results were expressed as cumulative percentage of drug release and the antibiotics‐release kinetics from the polymeric matrix, evaluated by different mathematical models. The determination of detachment force demonstrated a significant mucoadhesive strength of Netildex gel compared to mucin. Moreover, rheological analysis of Netildex gel highlighted a strong pseudo‐plastic behaviour under shear strain due to its formulation features.Conclusions: Overall, Netildex gel exhibits a sustained and controlled drug release of both dexamethasone and netilmicin from polymeric matrix thanks to its viscoelastic and mucoadhesive properties allowing to prolong drug residence time on the ocular surface. These data support the reduced administration frequency while maintaining the same efficacy and simultaneously favouring patients' compliance [1].Reference1. Mencucci R. et al. Adv Ther (2022) 39: 5474–5486.