Abstract
The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of both DMPS (2-3-Dimercapto-1-Propane Sulfonic acid) and DMSA (Meso-2,3-Dimercapto Succinic acid) in treatment of long-term lead toxicity through assessment of some biochemical indices and levels of lead in liver, kidney and brain of exposed rats. One hundred twenty male albino rats were divided into four equal groups. The first group (I) was used as control, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th (II, III, IV group respectiveIy) were exposed to 100 ppm lead acetate in drinking water for 12 weeks. Groups III and IV were treated with DMSA and DMPS respectively after 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 weeks 24 hours prior to sampling. The investigated parameters were ALT, AST, γ–GT, LPO, NO and SOD. Lead levels in liver, kidney and brain were estimated. The results revealed that, both DMPS and DMSA induced many positive effects on lead exposed rats. These effects include, decrease the levels of LPO and NO especially in the first six weeks of the experiment, increase the level of SOD enzyme in both serum and brain tissues at the last six weeks of the experiment, decrease the lead levels in the tissues of the kidney and liver in group III allover the experimental period, while in group IV the decrease was only significant at the first weeks, and significant decrease in the brain lead levels in group III at the last six weeks of the experiment. These results indicated that Both DMSA and DMPS improve the biochemical, free radicals and antioxidant parameters in their groups in comparison with Lead treated group. DMSA have a better effect in reducing lead levels in liver and kidney during the whole period of the experiment and reduced lead level in brain tissue at the last sex weeks of the experiment.
Highlights
The main threats to human health from heavy metals are associated with exposure to cadmium and lead
The present study was designed to evaluate the two chelators through exposure of male albino rats for 12 weeks to lead acetate in 3 groups
The 2nd was treated with DMSA and the 3rd treated with DMPS 24 hours prior to sampling
Summary
The main threats to human health from heavy metals are associated with exposure to cadmium and lead. Free radicals and Antioxidants:LPO in brain homogenate (Table 4) showed significant increase during the whole period of the experiment in group II and at 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th week in group III. At 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks, groups III and IV showed significant increase than group I. and decreased in comparison with group II (Table 5).
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