Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of ketoprofen on bone repair process in tibiae of rats by means of analysis of the digital optical density. Twenty Wistar rats were assigned to two groups: an untreated control group and a group treated with ketoprofen. The experimental procedures comprised the following stages: general anesthesia, preparation of a unicortical bone defect on the left tibia of each rat, medication with ketoprofen and radiographic examination. Digital radiographic images were acquired using Visualix GX-S-HDI digital sensor and an x-ray equipment. Radiographs were taken at baseline, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days postoperatively and the optical density (OD) was evaluated using the Vix win 1.4 system. The mean values of OD readings were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test with significance level set at á=5%. The control group showed a statistically significant correlation (p=0.001) between time and optical density, while the ketoprofen group exhibited a weak and not statistically significant correlation (p=0.100). The control group presented the smallest OD ratios at days 1 and 7, and the greatest OD ratios at days 14, 21 and 30, with statistically significant difference (p=0.001). There was no significant differences (p=0.100) among the OD ratios in the ketoprofen group, regardless of the evaluation period. The findings of this study suggest that ketoprofen influenced bone repair process because there was an increase in optical density during the first week and delayed new bone formation after the 21st day.
Highlights
Anti-inflammatory drugs are employed to reduce or control an inflammatory process because they inhibit the synthesis of inflammation mediators and are largely useful in medical and dental specialties alike.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are competitive inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX), which is in charge of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from the arachidonic acid [1,2,3]
Direct digital radiography has been largely used in studies investigating bone defects because this methodology is as efficient as conventional radiographic techniques for detection of incipient bone lesions and offers technical resources and tools that assist in visualization, delimitation and measurement of these lesions [6,7]
With the recent technological advance, radiographic techniques have improved remarkably and conventional dental radiography is being progressively surpassed by digital radiography
Summary
Anti-inflammatory drugs are employed to reduce or control an inflammatory process because they inhibit the synthesis of inflammation mediators (prostaglandins) and are largely useful in medical and dental specialties alike. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are competitive inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX), which is in charge of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from the arachidonic acid [1,2,3]. Current studies have associated the intake of NSAIDs with bone repair process [2,4,5] and have demonstrated that bone is one of the few tissues with remodeling capacity, being able to recover its structure and function even after a trauma. Direct digital radiography has been largely used in studies investigating bone defects because this methodology is as efficient as conventional radiographic techniques for detection of incipient bone lesions and offers technical resources and tools (softwares) that assist in visualization, delimitation and measurement of these lesions [6,7]
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