Abstract
Bacterial wilt (BW) is one of the most economically important diseases of tomato and eggplant in the tropics and subtropics, and grafting onto resistant rootstocks can provide an alternative and effective solution to manage soil-borne bacterial in these crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the BW resistance and agronomic potential of newly identified eggplant accessions as rootstocks for tomato grafting. Five BW resistant eggplant accessions (VI041809A, VI041943, VI041945, VI041979A, and VI041984) from the World Vegetable Center were evaluated as rootstocks for grafting with two different fresh market tomato cultivars (Victoria and TStarE) as scion under open field conditions in Taiwan. Graft compatibility using the tube grafting method as well as BW wilting percentage, disease index, fruit yield and quality parameters were assessed. All the rootstocks showed good graft compatibility (93% and above) and grafted plants showed low wilting percentage (0.0–20.0%) and disease index (0.0–20.8%) following inoculation with BW. Yield for the eggplant rootstock grafted tomato plants was higher compared to the non-grafted tomatoes and self-grafted tomato. Fruit quality was not affected by grafting, although some differences in antioxidant activities were observed. The new eggplant rootstocks can be considered as alternatives to the rootstocks currently used for commercial production of tomatoes during the hot-wet season.
Highlights
Bacterial wilt (BW) is one of the most economically important diseases of tomato and eggplant in the tropics and subtropics, and grafting onto resistant rootstocks can provide an alternative and effective solution to manage soil-borne bacterial in these crops
One of our studies found that because of 100% adoption of tomato grafting in Lam Dong province in Vietnam, the estimated total profit for tomato farmers was US $41.7 million higher than if the same area had been planted with non-grafted tomatoes
This study identified five new eggplant rootstocks that can be used as alternatives to the rootstocks currently being used in countries such as Taiwan and Vietnam for commercial production of tomatoes during the hot-wet season
Summary
All the experimental lines (Table 4) were obtained from Genetic Resources and Seed. Unit (GRSU), Genebank of WorldVeg in Shanhua, Taiwan (23◦ 060 53.1” N, 120◦ 170 53.5” E). These accessions were earlier identified as bacterial wilt resistant by initial screening under net house conditions, and subsequently the accessions were purified and bulked up through single-seed descent and the BW resistance of the progeny confirmed. Tomato variety “Victoria” (Known-you seed Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung, Taiwan) was used as scion in the first season and “TStarE” from the Tomato Breeding group at WorldVeg was used as scion in the second season trials. “TStarE” supposed to be resistant to Tomato Leaf Curl Virus, was used in second trial to prevent the viral diseases during that season.
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