Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the accuracy of FNAC diagnosis in non neoplastic & neoplastic lesions of thyroid, and correlating with histopathological findings. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study done in department of Pathology, Tagore medical college for a period of 3 years. 115 cases of thyroid subjected to FNAC where histopathology diagnosis was available were included in the study. The correlation of FNAC diagnosis with histopathology was made and the results were analysed. Results: The range of the age of the patient in this study was 25 to 60 years. The male to female ratio was 18.5:81.5. The maximum cases were colloid goitre (59.2%) in which 12.5% were with features of papillary hyperplasia. Occurrences of dual pathology were seen in our study with one case of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with focus of papillary carcinoma and the other was medullary carcinoma with papillary carcinoma. 2 cases of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were also seen. Conclusion: In our study sensitivity of FNAC in detecting thyroid lesions was 93.75%, and the specificity was 97.01%. FNAC of thyroid had a diagnostic accuracy of 95.65% which clearly indicates that FNAC can be used as non invasive, cost effective and a safe diagnostic method for defining thyroid disorders.
Highlights
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a cost – effective and a simple office procedure which gives a quick diagnosis at the first contact of the patient
The incidence of papillary carcinoma was found to be high in middle age females where as the incidence of anaplastic carcinoma was seen in middle age males
FNAC can be used as a safe diagnostic method for categorizing the thyroid lesions [7]
Summary
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a cost – effective and a simple office procedure which gives a quick diagnosis at the first contact of the patient. It can delineate between benign and malignancy and can be repeated for definite confirmation of diagnosis [1]. FNAC being a minimally invasive technique is suitable in thyroid where an incisional biopsy may present problems. The lesions in thyroid are varied ranging from inflammation to neoplasm. FNAC of thyroid helps us to categorize the lesions which require surgical intervention and those which do not [24]. 95% of the thyroid lesions are benign. 5% are malignant which requires immediate intervention.
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