Abstract
Accompanying the continuous increase in wind power penetration, the power system inertia is reduced, and the system frequency regulation performance deteriorates. Wind turbine generators are required to participate in primary frequency regulation (PFR) to support system frequency. Here, the PFR capability of the widely-used doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is evaluated to estimate the participation of the DFIG in system frequency control. The frequency regulation model of the DFIG is established and briefly discussed. The equivalent PFR droop coefficient is then deduced from the model using a small signal increment method to evaluate the DFIG’s PFR capability. Key factors affecting the equivalent droop coefficient are studied, and the droop control is optimized to keep the equivalent droop coefficient in the desired range. The proposed method is verified utilizing a provincial power grid model of China.
Highlights
The low-inertia renewable energy sources (RES) are developing rapidly
Regarding power systems with high wind power penetration, the system inertia is reduced since the rotor speed of the double-fed induction generator (DFIG) is decoupled from the system frequency [2,3]
Accompanying more and more DFIGs integrated into power systems, DFIGs are required to participate in primary frequency regulation (PFR)
Summary
The low-inertia renewable energy sources (RES) are developing rapidly. RES includes solar, wind, biomass energy and more. The virtual inertia control and droop control make the DFIG participate in frequency regulation as in conventional generating units [12]. The active power command is generally the product of the frequency change and the droop control coefficient [18,19]. In literature such as [20,21], the droop control coefficient is usually treated as the PFR capability of the DFIG. When the DFIG’s frequency regulation control changes the DFIG’s active power output, the rotor speed of the wind turbines is affected.
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