Evaluation of dental occlusion as an etiological factor in temporomandibular joint disorders

Abstract

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by pain, limited mouth opening, joint sounds, mandibular deviation, and chewing disability. Premature contacts may lead to TMD. Role of dental occlusion as an etiological factor for TMD is still controversial. Aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between occlusion time and clinical symptoms of TMD using digital occlusion scan and analysis systems. Methodology: This observational study included patients of any gender, between 18-35yrs of age with TMD but otherwise healthy. Patients with periodontal disease, systemic inflammatory conditions, bruxism and tooth wear, patients undergoing treatment for TMD, orthognathic surgery and orthodontic therapy were excluded from the study. Occlusion and disocclusion time were the parameters assessed. The total sample size of this study was 30. Result: There is significant difference between study and test groups in occlusion and disocclusion time during centric occlusion, disocclusion time in protrusion, right and left lateral excursion. Conclusion: Occlusal interferences may affect the TMJ and can cause TMD.