Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Diclofenac Sodium on L929 Fibroblasts - An in vitro Study

Mulumoodi Rama Sowmya,P Ajitha,S Pradeep

doi:10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i1830700

Mulumoodi Rama Sowmya, P Ajitha + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i1830700

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Abstract

The aim of the study is to evaluate comparatively the cytotoxicity of diclofenac sodium and calcium hydroxide on L929 fibroblasts. L929 fibroblast cells were cultured and grown on Dulbecco modified Eagle’s medium. Intracanal medicaments tested were Diclofenac sodium, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 mM/ml) and calcium hydroxide. The human fibroblast cell lines cultured in Dulbecco Modified Eagle’s medium were used as control group. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that there was a significant difference in cell viability as compared with the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the group treated with diclofenac sodium and calcium hydroxide (1.0 mM/ml). However, diclofenac sodium at concentration more than 5 mM/ml was found to be cytotoxic. The study concludes that diclofenac sodium is cytotoxic at 5 mM/ml and above. Therefore, further studies are recommended to establish the antimicrobial efficacy of the medicament. Within the limitations of the study, Diclofenac sodium at concentration more than 5mM/ml was found to be cytotoxic for the cells. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Diclofenac sodium at which the cells were viable was found to be 5.2 mM/ml. Further studies should be done to establish the antimicrobial efficacy of the medicament at these concentrations.

Highlights

The main objective of root canal therapy is to render the root canal free of microbes
The materials used for the MTT test were 3-(4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 units/ml of fungizone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), human fibroblast cell lines, Eagle’s minimum essential medium (EMEM), kanamycin, and phosphate buffered saline
The results showed that there is no significant difference between the control group and Diclofenac sodium [1 mM/ml]

Summary

Introduction

The main objective of root canal therapy is to render the root canal free of microbes. The clinician should be aware of the biomechanical preparation as this is the most important step in endodontic treatment [1] This step serves to customize the root canal for proper obturation by giving it a tapered and smooth preparation. Disinfection, cleaning and shaping steps ought to be performed in biomechanical preparation [1] These steps take a second place in case of achieving an aseptic root canal without the presence of infection. In such cases, intracanal medicaments play a vital role in achieving controlled asepsis. The rationale behind placing medicament is to achieve asepsis in the root canal by killing microbes [2]. Necessitating the use of intracanal medicament [4]

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