Abstract
The ideal root canal preparation is where the original canal morphology is maintained during the biomechanical preparation. Preparation of curved canals has always been a challenge to clinicians. Better results have been suggested for a single NiTi instrument with reciprocating motion than the conventional continuous rotation method in the preparation of curved root canals. Although the Neoniti rotary system is not suggested to be used with reciprocal motion, running a pilot study, we found that it could be possible. The present study aimed to investigate if shaping curved canals using the Neoniti rotary system with reciprocal motion leads to better results in terms of root canal transportation. One hundred acrylic j-shape canal simulator endoblocks were used in this study. Five preparation sequences were applied: GPS followed by A1#20 (GPS + A1#20), GPS followed by A1#20 and then A1#25 (GPS + A1#20 + A1#25), GPS followed by A1#25 (GPS + A1#25), hand file followed by A1#20 (hand file + A1#20), and GPS followed by A1#20 (with reciprocal motion) (GPS + A1#20(reciprocal)). Pictures were taken from blocks once before and once after preparation from two dimensions. Before-and-after pictures were superimposed in Photoshop software. Measurements were performed in Digimizer. The number of autoreverses and pecking motions was recorded after reviewing the recorded videos. Data were analyzed in SPSS, version 26. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The group GPS + A1#20 + A1#25 had more transportation compared with the others, at apical, middle, and coronal thirds not only in the frontal view but also in the lateral view. Other groups were not significantly different. The number of peckings and autoreverses was significantly less when A1#25 was used after GPS and A1#20. When A1#20 was used with reciprocal motion, it had less peckings compared with the same file with continuous rotation, and no autoreverses were observed in that group. Using Neoniti files with reciprocal motion might result in less instrument fatigue and favorable results, with respect to canal anatomy preservation. Using A1#20 before A1#25 also will decrease the stress on the instrument during preparation. However, this may lead to significantly more canal transportation.
Highlights
Cleaning and shaping of the root canal system is one of the most important phases of root canal treatment which aims to eliminate or at least reduce the intracanal micro-organisms while maintaining the original shape of the root canal [1]
The Neoniti rotary system is not suggested to be used with reciprocal motions, running a pilot study, we found that it could be possible
In the middle and coronal third of the canal, the transportation comparison was as follows: the group GPS + A1#20 + A1#25 had statistically significant more transportation compared with the others (p value < 0.05)
Summary
Cleaning and shaping of the root canal system is one of the most important phases of root canal treatment which aims to eliminate or at least reduce the intracanal micro-organisms while maintaining the original shape of the root canal [1]. Nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary systems were introduced into endodontic practice looking forward to less procedural error occurrence, i.e., canal transportation, zip, ledge, and striping perforation [5]. E ideal root canal preparation is where the original canal morphology is maintained during the biomechanical preparation, along with the development of flaring from the International Journal of Dentistry coronal to apical portion and preserving the apical foramen [6]. E biomechanical preparation of the various canal curvatures in the root canals presents great challenge for the clinician in regular endodontic treatment procedures. Ese curved canals may limit the ideal mechanical preparation of the root canals and in turn may lead to the development of some procedural errors [5]. Instrument flexibility is a multifactorial characteristic which has been proved to be associated with metallurgic properties, taper, size, and cross section [7, 8]
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