Abstract
The root canal system is considering the most important factor in endodontic treatment, due to the complexity of its anatomy and morphology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cross-sectional root canal shape in three thirds (coronal, middle, apical) in different age groups using cone-beam computed tomography scanning (CBCT) and to present a new classification for root canal shape changes. This cross-sectional study included 300 CBCT scans for patient aged 20–70, and these scans were evaluated to study the morphology of the cross-sectional root canal shape in coronal, middle, and apical thirds among three age groups, namely the young (20–44), middle (45–59), and elderly (60–70). The root canal shape was classified as round, oval, long oval, and ribbon (with or without isthmus). The cross-sectional root canal shape was identified in two groups: canals with an unchanging (constant) shape and canals with changing shape. In turn, in canals with changing shape, the change could be identified in the region of the middle or apical thirds of the canal. The results showed that root canal shape changes in two cases: (1) the presence of one or more canals in the root (with or without isthmus between them), and (2) with age, as it was observed that the cross-sectional shape of the root canal becomes round in the apical third with age. A new classification of the changes of root canal shape in three thirds (coronal, middle, apical) was presented in this study.
Highlights
Successful endodontic treatment depends on major factors, such as the anatomy and morphology of the root canal system, the disinfection of the root canal, and a good sealing
The root canal shape was studied in one third, coronal or apical, but this shape changes and this change is so significant in endodontic treatment, that is why the aim of this research was to study the cross sectional root canal shape and its changes in three thirds in different age groups using cone-beam computed tomography scanning and present a new classification of root canal shape changes
This study has demonstrated the changes in the root canal cross-sectional shape between the coronal, middle, and apical thirds among different age groups
Summary
Successful endodontic treatment depends on major factors, such as the anatomy and morphology of the root canal system, the disinfection of the root canal, and a good sealing. Among these factors, the root canal system is considered the first issue which should be known precisely due to the complexity of its anatomy and morphology. The root canal system is considered the first issue which should be known precisely due to the complexity of its anatomy and morphology This system varies among populations even in individuals in the same population, the variations in root canal morphology are still a major issue for endodontists [1,2,3].
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