Evaluation of correlations for mass flow rate of refrigerant through electronic expansion valve in air—water heat pump system using R32

Abstract

To measure mass flow rate of R32 through EEVs under real operating conditions, a commercially available air-water heat pump (AWHP) system was operated in as wide a range as possible. Measurements showed that the effect of oil circulation on the refrigerant mass flow rate of the test system was negligible. To examine whether they were able to predict refrigerant mass flow rate of R32 in a real operating heat pump systems, previous empirical correlations available in the open literature were compared against these measured data. Previous empirical correlations, except for those of Park et al. (2007), showed poor agreement with the present experimental data, with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) from 9.1% to 334.5% for EEV#1 (D: 2.40 mm) and from 24.1% to 122.2% for EEV#2 (D: 1.65 mm). These large differences were caused by differences in internal geometry of flow passage and operating conditions due to different refrigerants. A new empirical correlation was developed considering these aspects. The valve opening ratio was considered in terms of the valve flow coefficient variation. The thermodynamic state of refrigerant at the EEV inlet was represented by the enthalpy difference, so as to avoid discontinuity of the mathematical expression at the saturated liquid point. The new correlation showed good agreement with mass flow rate measured through both EEVs, with MAPE values of 9.3% and 14.5% for EEV#1 (D: 2.40 mm) and EEV#2 (D: 1.65 mm), respectively.