Abstract
The construction industry consumes enormous quantities of concrete, which subsequently produces large amount of material waste during production and demolishing. As a result, the colossal quantity of concrete rubble is disposed in landfills. This paper, therefore, evaluated the feasibility of reusing waste concrete as recycled aggregate (RA) to produce concrete. The replacement levels were 20, 50, and 80% RA of normal coarse aggregate. Micro silica (MS) and fly ash (FA) were used as cementitious replacement material, however, the water-to-binder ratio (w/b) was kept constant at 0.31. A total of 44 specimens were used to evaluate the fresh and hardened properties. Concrete with 80% RA showed good workability and mechanical properties. The compressive strength of the concrete with 80% RA was 60 MPa at 28 days and 77 MPa at 56 days. Rapid chloride penetration test (RCPT) was also conducted, where the concrete with 80% RA had the lowest permeability.
Highlights
Concrete is the most commonly used construction material with an estimated worldwide consumption of 31 billion tons in 2006 alone [1]
1.7% with the lower limit for the conventional high strength concrete (CHSC), and it increased with the use of recycled aggregate (RA)
The density of each recycled concrete mix was larger than CHSC, except for RA80
Summary
Concrete is the most commonly used construction material with an estimated worldwide consumption of 31 billion tons in 2006 alone [1]. In the last few decades, many structures in the Middle East were constructed during economic growth of the region [4]. These structures are being demolished because they have reached the end of their service life. Demolishing the structures results in concrete rubble that can be further crushed to produce RA. These aggregates can be used in future concrete mixes, which is advantageous in different aspects. The main advantages of using RA are the alleviation of the environmental problems and the saving of the aggregate resources [5].
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