Abstract
Mushrooms have bioactive compounds that have antimicrobial, anti-cancer and antioxidant activities among other medicinal benefits. In the present study, we examined the anti-cell proliferation activities of mushrooms from eight genera obtained from the wild in Nigeria. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as a model organism to screen mushroom extracts for anti-cell proliferation activity. Polyphenols, high molecular weight polysaccharides and low molecular weight compounds from aqueous extracts were obtained from the test mushrooms using methanol and water respectively. The extracts were screened in vitro at different concentrations of extracts with the CyQuant cell proliferation assay. The high molecular weight polysaccharides from tested mushrooms reduced cell proliferation (96.79% inhibition in Ganoderma multipileum Ding Hou to 66.71% inhibition in Coltricia perennis (L.) Murrill at 10.00mg/ml). Percentage inhibition caused by low molecular weight compounds varied from 94.22% (Ganoderma multipileum) to 76.19% (Coltricia perennis) at 10mg/ml. Percentage of inhibition with the polyphenols varied from 94.12% (Microporus xanthopus Fr) Kuntze) to 79.82% (Coltricia perennis) at high doses. High molecular polysaccharides, low molecular weight compounds and polyphenols from mushrooms have anti-cancer properties. The CyQUANT assay proliferation kit was a very efficient tool for screening extracts from wild mushrooms for anti-cell proliferation activities. Medicinal mushrooms in Nigeria show a lot of promise as a reservoir for drug discovery particularly in the area of cancer research.
Highlights
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death among people of all ages around the world [1]
This study investigated the anti-cell proliferation activities of the polyphenol, polysaccharide and low molecular weight compounds in the aqueous extracts of ten different species of mushrooms obtained from the wild in Lagos, Nigeria viz- Crepidotus applanatus (Pers.) P
The polyphenol extracts of all tested mushrooms as shown in Figure-2 inhibited cell proliferation of the model organism with percentage inhibitions varying between 94.12% in Trametes pubescens to 79.82% in Coltricia perennis at 10mg/ml
Summary
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death among people of all ages around the world [1]. Compounds extracted from mushrooms have been used to successfully inhibition cell proliferation and reduce or stop progression of different types of cancers. Records show that low molecular weight compounds like isoflavones, catechols, amines, triglycerols and sesquiterpenes extracted from mushrooms have anti-tumour activities too [2]. This study investigated the anti-cell proliferation activities of the polyphenol, polysaccharide and low molecular weight compounds in the aqueous extracts of ten different species of mushrooms obtained from the wild in Lagos, Nigeria viz- Crepidotus applanatus (Pers.) P. Neonothopanus nambi (Speg) R.H Peterson & Krisai, Gymnopilus lepidotus Hesler, Ganoderma multipileum Ding Hou, Microporus xanthopus (Fr) Kuntze, Trametes pubescens (Schumach.) Pilåt, Trametes ochracea (Pers.) Gilb & Ryvarden, Trametes suaveolens (L) Fr., Coltricia perennis (L.) Murrill and Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the model organism. All extracts were standardized to a stock solution of 40mg/ml for the assay
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