Evaluation of components of IPM for basmati rice against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola

Abstract

The IPM module for basmati rice, synthesised and validated by ICAR-NCIPM on a large-scale in farmers’ participatory mode during 2010-2014 at Bambawad (Gautam Budh Nagar, UP) area, mainly involved green manuring, seed treatment with carbendazim or Trichoderma harzianum, seedling root dip in Pseudomonas fluorescens, pest monitoring and need-based application of bio-agents/chemical pesticides. During the recent survey, Meloidogyne graminicola was identified as a serious pest, however, it was not recorded above threshold levels in villages where IPM was implemented. With this view, repeated In vitro and In vivo trials were conducted to evaluate the role of individual IPM component against M. graminicola infesting rice cultivar PB 1121 during 2016-2018 at NCIPM-Rajpur Khurd campus. Highest mortality of M. graminicola juveniles was observed in carbendazim treatment (93%) followed by T. harzianum + P. fluorescens (75%). However, revival was recorded lowest in the latter. Results of In vivo studies indicated carbofuran as the most effective treatment in reducing the multiplication of M. graminicola as compared to other treatments. Among the bio-pesticides, T. harzianum significantly reduced number of galls per plant as well as soil population. Sesbania (chopped plant) extract significantly (P<0.05) enhanced biomass of rice plant up to 68% followed by T. harzianum (56%). Sesbania extract also enabled plant to tolerate higher number of M. graminicola galls with a reduction of 37.5% in nematode population as compared to control. Study suggests that incorporation of IPM components over the years not only improve the soil health and fertility but also helps to manage the root-knot nematode, M. graminicola.